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Jean Jacques Rousseau was a Swiss philosopher and political theorist who lived much of his life in France. Many reference books describe him as French, but he generally added "Citizen of Geneva" whenever he signed his name. He presented his theory of education in Emile (1762), a novel, the first book to link the educational process to a scientific understanding of children; Rousseau is thus regarded as the precursor, if not the founder, of child psychology. "The greatest good is not authority, but liberty," he wrote, and in The Social Contract (1762) Rousseau moved from a study of the individual to an analysis of the relationship of the individual to the state: "The art of politics consists of making each citizen extremely dependent upon the polis in order to free him from dependence upon other citizens." This doctrine of sovereignty, the absolute supremacy of the state over its members, has led many to accuse Rousseau of opening the doors to despotism, collectivism, and totalitarianism. Others say that this is the opposite of Rousseau's intent, that the surrender of rights is only apparent, and that in the end individuals retain the rights that they appear to have given up. In effect, these Rousseau supporters say, the social contract is designed to secure or to restore to individuals in the state of civilization the equivalent of the rights they enjoyed in the state of nature. Rousseau was a passionate man who lived in passionate times, and he still stirs passion in those who write about him today. (Bowker Author Biography) — biography from On the Social Contract… (mere)
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Rousseau was one of the great thinkers and influences on the Age of Enlightenment. But his work was not appreciated by the French authorities in his lifetime. After completing his Confessions in 1770, he began giving private readings of the book. But he was forced to stop this, and the work was only partially published in 1782, four years after his death. All his subsequent writings also appeared posthumously.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau er for indeværende opfattet som navnet på "én bestemt forfatter".Hvis et eller flere værker er af en anden forfatter, så fortsæt og opsplit forfatteren.
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