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One Child: The Story of China's Most Radical Experiment (2016)

af Mei Fong

MedlemmerAnmeldelserPopularitetGennemsnitlig vurderingOmtaler
19010143,105 (3.56)2
"When Communist Party leaders adopted the one-child policy in 1980, they hoped curbing birth-rates would help lift China's poorest and increase the country's global stature. But at what cost? Now, as China closes the book on the policy after more than three decades, it faces a population grown too old and too male, with a vastly diminished supply of young workers. Mei Fong has spent years documenting the policy's repercussions on every sector of Chinese society. In One Child, she explores its true human impact, traveling across China to meet the people who live with its consequences. Their stories reveal a dystopian reality: unauthorized second children ignored by the state, only-children supporting aging parents and grandparents on their own, villages teeming with ineligible bachelors, and an ungoverned adoption market stretching across the globe. Fong tackles questions that have major implications for China's future: whether its 'Little Emperor' cohort will make for an entitled or risk-averse generation; how China will manage to support itself when one in every four people is over sixty-five years old; and above all, how much the one-child policy may end up hindering China's growth. Weaving in Fong's reflections on striving to become a mother herself, One Child offers a nuanced and candid report from the extremes of family planning."--… (mere)
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Двадцатый век видел немало радикальных социальных экспериментов, и совсем немногие из них перекочевали в двадцать первый. Один из них — широко известная, но малоизученная китайская политика «одна семья — один ребенок». Разработанная военными без привлечения каких-либо представителей общественных наук, она преследовала вполне приземленную цель: увеличение ВВП в пересчете на душу населения. Чтобы прогресс был заметнее, рост населения требовалось придержать. Однако всех последствий насилия над природой просчитать в 1980-е не смогли. Книга Мэй Фонг знакомит с ходом эксперимента и будущим КНР, которая до сих пор является заложницей давным-давно принятого решения. По оценкам, за 35 лет в Китае не родилось 250–350 млн человек. За каждой сухой цифрой статистики стоят судьбы, биографии и целые тектонические сдвиги в жизни сел и городов, которые автор посетила во всех концах Поднебесной. Самыми разными способами родители добились того, что сейчас на 100 девочек рождается 119 мальчиков (в среднем по миру 100:105). В итоге к 2020 году мужчин будет на 30–40 млн больше. В результате брачный рынок КНР приобрел гипертрофированные черты: невест не хватает, а родители копят на «калым», так что до 50% депозитов в стране за последние годы делается с этой целью. Штрафы с тех, кто позволил себе лишнего малыша, принесли казне только в 2013 году не менее $2,7 млрд. Как обычно, имеющие средства находили возможности обходить запреты самыми разнообразными способами. Для других единственно разрешенный ребенок становился «маленьким императором», так появлялось новое поколение избалованных эгоистичных детей с проблемами социализации.

Без внимания к нюансам демографического пейзажа не понять современного Китая: например, без армии холостяков успех Alibaba, скорее всего, был бы невозможен. Причины же сворачивания программы «одна семья — один ребенок» прозаичны. Сжатие рынка труда началось ранее, чем предполагалось, и от нынешнего комфортного соотношения работающих к пенсионерам 5:1 страна через двадцать лет рискует прийти к 1,6:1. Поэтому в конце 2015 года и появилась либеральная семейная схема — с двумя детьми. ( )
  Den85 | Jan 3, 2024 |
A fascinating read. While still trying to figure out the full fallout of China's one child policy, this book covers some of its impacts. China pretty much chopped off its legs for money and have now set itself up for a nasty surprise (which isn't really a surprise but too many people listen to economists when they shouldn't). Family planning by economist and rocket scientist is not conducive to a healthy, viable country. ( )
  pacbox | Jul 9, 2022 |
This book is necessary and terrifying, and seems like a horrifying real-life mix of the Handmaid's Tale and Brave New World.

However, the narrative was just not compelling. I found each section to be disjointed and disconnected. While there was nominally a thread tying everything together (the one child policy), it just didn't feel like a seamless whole. I agree with other reviews who stated the author's sometimes patronizing tone rang loud in some sections of this book. ( )
  lemontwist | May 8, 2021 |
This book was engaging, largely in part because China's functioning is a mystery to me. The book opened up so many other things I'd like to learn about.

The author uses humanity to cover all her subjects, getting deep into the stories of people who have secret children, forced abortions, child-theft, aging and the bizarre effects on generational culture.

The book title had me expecting a more rounded take on the one-child policy, but this book is written explicitly against it. With reason and evidence of course. But I'm still craving more depth on the policy's origins.

And a last note—from someone fairly ignorant of Chinese culture—I think it's amazing that people are labeled in China for what their social role or what they've been through. For instance, in rural areas where men vastly outnumber women, men in their late 20's are called "bare branches." It would change our outlook in the US if we had a name for people foreclosed upon in 2008 ("the removed?" or people who've economically fled the rustbelt, etc. ( )
  mitchtroutman | Jun 14, 2020 |
Well, this was a relatively fascinating read.

There are so many aspects to China's One Child policy and what makes it what it is, and Fong sets out to disentangle the many threads that make up this subversive policy.

Unlike most people who read this book and reviewed it, I enjoyed Fong's story about her miscarriage and how certain aspects of Chinese culture had affected her life. I felt that it grounded the story and made all those traditions and superstitions all the more real.

Sometimes I felt a lot of the stories were rushed, but how else are you supposed to cover such a huge and expansive topic in 200 pages?

The only part of the book I didn't like was when Fong was discussing adoption in China. Of course, so many aspects of adoption in China are shady and suspect -- but I'm adopted and so it hurt to have adoption painted in such a vague and negative light. I'm sure the author didn't intend for it to be that way, but that's just how I felt.

This is a mess of a review but if you're at all curious about China or sociology or how a country manages to conjure something up like the One Child policy, check out this book. You'll learn a whole bunch of weird and wonderful facts that'll make you really fun at parties, I promise. ( )
  lydia1879 | Feb 1, 2020 |
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"When Communist Party leaders adopted the one-child policy in 1980, they hoped curbing birth-rates would help lift China's poorest and increase the country's global stature. But at what cost? Now, as China closes the book on the policy after more than three decades, it faces a population grown too old and too male, with a vastly diminished supply of young workers. Mei Fong has spent years documenting the policy's repercussions on every sector of Chinese society. In One Child, she explores its true human impact, traveling across China to meet the people who live with its consequences. Their stories reveal a dystopian reality: unauthorized second children ignored by the state, only-children supporting aging parents and grandparents on their own, villages teeming with ineligible bachelors, and an ungoverned adoption market stretching across the globe. Fong tackles questions that have major implications for China's future: whether its 'Little Emperor' cohort will make for an entitled or risk-averse generation; how China will manage to support itself when one in every four people is over sixty-five years old; and above all, how much the one-child policy may end up hindering China's growth. Weaving in Fong's reflections on striving to become a mother herself, One Child offers a nuanced and candid report from the extremes of family planning."--

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