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Union-free America: Workers and Antiunion Culture (2008)

af Lawrence Richards

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Union-Free America: Workers and Antiunion Culture confronts one of the most vexing questions with which labor activists and labor academics struggle: why is there so much opposition to organized labor in the United States? Scholars often point to powerful obstacles from employers or governmental policies, but Lawrence Richards offers a more complete picture of the causes for union decline in the postwar period by examining the attitudes of the workers themselves. Large numbers of American workers in the 1970s and 1980s told pollsters that they would vote against a union if an election were held at their place of employment, and Richards provides a provocative explanation for this hostility: a pervasive strain of antiunionism in American culture that has made many workers distrustful of organized labor. Weighing the arguments of previous historians and sociologists, Richards posits that this underlying antiunion culture in America has been remarkably consistent over the course of half a century. Assessing organizing efforts among blue-collar, white-collar, and pink-collar workers, Richards examines the tactics and countertactics of company and union representatives who sought to either exploit or neutralize workers' popular negative stereotypes of organized labor's insidious control over workers' autonomy. The book considers a number of case studies of organizing drives throughout recent history, from the failed attempt by District 65 to organize clerical workers at New York University in 1970, to a similarly fruitless drive by the Textile Workers Union in 1980 at a textile factory in Charlottesville, Virginia. In both of these particular cases and in many more, antiunion culture has operated to hinder unions' efforts to organize the unorganized. By examining the manifestations and motivations of antiunion culture in the United States, Richards helps explain why so many American workers seem to vote against their own self-interest and declare themselves "Union Free and Proud."… (mere)
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Union-Free America: Workers and Anti-union Culture by Lawrence Richards answers a question that has puzzled me for years. Why are the very workers that would benefit most from unions be so anti-union? To answer that question Dr. Richards first looks at the popular image Americans have held of unions thru the twentieth century and how that image evolved. Unions were believed to be part of the Red Menace in the 1920s. During the Great Depression that image changed to unions being protectors of the downtrodden, saving the nation from greedy corporations. By the 1980s that view had devolved in the public’s eye, unions were then seen as corrupt, greedy, special interests causing the inflation that was ruining the nation.
After establishing the popular opinion of unions Richards looks at how the unions react to that perception by looking at three different types of organizing activities, a blue-collar mill in the rural South, white-collar office workers in New York, and professionals, teachers, deciding between two professional organizations, one affiliated with the AFL-CIO and one that was not.
I found the book to be very well written and as easy to read as you could expect from an academic work. I appreciated Richards’s use of two popular comic strips to illustrate public opinion. What better evidence of popular opinion is there than a punch line that dependent on the audience’s shared beliefs? ( )
  TLCrawford | Dec 1, 2009 |
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Union-Free America: Workers and Antiunion Culture confronts one of the most vexing questions with which labor activists and labor academics struggle: why is there so much opposition to organized labor in the United States? Scholars often point to powerful obstacles from employers or governmental policies, but Lawrence Richards offers a more complete picture of the causes for union decline in the postwar period by examining the attitudes of the workers themselves. Large numbers of American workers in the 1970s and 1980s told pollsters that they would vote against a union if an election were held at their place of employment, and Richards provides a provocative explanation for this hostility: a pervasive strain of antiunionism in American culture that has made many workers distrustful of organized labor. Weighing the arguments of previous historians and sociologists, Richards posits that this underlying antiunion culture in America has been remarkably consistent over the course of half a century. Assessing organizing efforts among blue-collar, white-collar, and pink-collar workers, Richards examines the tactics and countertactics of company and union representatives who sought to either exploit or neutralize workers' popular negative stereotypes of organized labor's insidious control over workers' autonomy. The book considers a number of case studies of organizing drives throughout recent history, from the failed attempt by District 65 to organize clerical workers at New York University in 1970, to a similarly fruitless drive by the Textile Workers Union in 1980 at a textile factory in Charlottesville, Virginia. In both of these particular cases and in many more, antiunion culture has operated to hinder unions' efforts to organize the unorganized. By examining the manifestations and motivations of antiunion culture in the United States, Richards helps explain why so many American workers seem to vote against their own self-interest and declare themselves "Union Free and Proud."

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University of Illinois Press

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