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Bullshit Jobs: A Theory (2018)

af David Graeber

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"'Does your job make a meaningful contribution to the world?' David Graeber asked this question in a playful, provocative online essay titled On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs. He defined a bullshit job as 'a form of paid employment that is so completely pointless, unnecessary, or pernicious that even the employee cannot justify its existence, even though as part of the conditions of employment, the employee feels obliged to pretend that this is not the case.' After a million views in seventeen different languages, people all over the world are still debating the answer. ... Graeber, in his singularly searing and illuminating style, identifies the five types of bullshit jobs and argues that when 1 percent of the population controls most of a society's wealth, they control what jobs are 'useful' and 'important.' ... Graeber illustrates how nurses, bus drivers, musicians, and landscape gardeners provide true value, and what it says about us as a society when we look down upon them. Using arguments from some of the most revered political thinkers, philosophers, and scientists of our time, Graeber articulates the societal and political consequences of these bullshit jobs. Depression, anxiety, and a warped sense of our values are all dire concerns. He provides a blueprint to undergo a shift in values, placing creative and caring work at the center of our culture, providing the meaning and satisfaction we all crave."--Jacket.… (mere)
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    Kammerat Napoleon af George Orwell (Anonym bruger)
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» Se også 11 omtaler

Engelsk (35)  Italiensk (1)  Tysk (1)  Fransk (1)  Spansk (1)  Alle sprog (39)
Viser 1-5 af 39 (næste | vis alle)
This book contains a lot of good ideas but at the same time, the author assumes and suggests a lot of things that are backed by nothing other than "feelings" and testimonials of random people. ( )
  AsimGasimzade | Apr 4, 2024 |
Se chiedete un po’ un giro, sarà difficile che non vi imbattiate nella constatazione che nel corso degli anni ci si è ritrovatз a passare sempre più tempo nello svolgimento di pratiche o mansioni dal significato oscuro, quando non evidentemente inutili.

Anche nella ricerca di un lavoro ci si imbatte in posizioni che magari hanno un nome altisonante in inglese, ma che non è chiaro in cosa consistano: magari alla prova dei fatti si rivelano essere dei bullshit jobs (che la traduzione italiana rende non benissimo con lavori del cavolo).

Secondo Graeber, un bullshit job è un’occupazione retribuita che è così totalmente inutile, superflua o dannosa che nemmeno chi la svolge può giustificarne l’esistenza, anche se si sente obbligato a far finta che non sia così. Immagino che, anche se non svolgete in prima persona un bullshit job, vi verrà in mente qualche situazione nella quale ci avete avuto a che fare.

L’analisi di Graeber è, come sempre, brillante: lo sguardo di un antropologo sulle cose umane è sempre molto prezioso, per la capacità della disciplina di indagare situazioni che a noi sembrano normali, ma che sono solo il frutto di una specifica organizzazione sociale; allo stesso modo si può dire che lo sguardo di un anarchico sia prezioso, per il modo rifiuta gerarchie che sembrano insormontabili.

L’unico appunto che mi sento di fare a Bullshit Jobs è che sembra un lavoro un po’ grezzo: Graeber racconta di come la sua riflessione sia partita da un articolo che ha avuto ampia risonanza e alla fine si ha l’impressione che il libro ne sia solo un’estensione piuttosto che la teorizzazione definitiva.

Per il resto, niente da eccepire: ci mancherai, Graeber. ( )
  lasiepedimore | Jan 17, 2024 |
Дэвид Грэбер, профессор антропологии Лондонской школы экономики и один из идеологов движения Occupy Wall Street, выпустил еще один провокационный труд. На этот раз он не пытается использовать риторическое айкидо, чтобы вытолкнуть читателя с татами капитализма в объятия левацких убеждений. Хватило небольшого эссе, вывешенного онлайн, чтобы из глубин корпораций и госучреждений к нему потянулись страждущие исповедаться. А Грэбер просто поделился мыслью, что, возможно, немало рабочих мест и должностей в современном мире не нужны. Некоторые даже вредны как для общества, так и для самих работников — это bullshit jobs (дрянные работы).

Поток обрушившейся на антрополога обратной связи показал, что в этот раз он задел людей за живое. YouGov, компания, изучающая общественное мнение, составила на основе поста Грэбера всеанглийский опрос. Используя фразы вроде «Приносит ли ваша работа ощутимую пользу миру?», она получила ошеломляющие результаты: более трети (37%) ответивших сказали «нет, не приносит», 50% ответили утвердительно, 13% не определились. Сам ученый предполагал, что таких профессий в обществе не более 20%. Его гипотеза получила в дальнейшем подтверждение в Нидерландах.

Анализ обратной связи помог уточнить проблему: bullshit jobs — это такие должности, которые частично или полностью состоят из задач, выполнение которых работник считает бессмысленным, необязательным или вовсе вредным. Это профессии, чье исчезновение не окажет ни на что никакого влияния. Более того, сами занимающие такие места полагают, что их существовать не должно.

Интерпретация полученных признаний (прямая речь руководителей и подчиненных всех рангов — просто огонь!) и составляет основной объем этой новой и наводящей на глубокие размышления книги. Собственно теоретизирования в ней, вопреки названию, нет. Зато есть попытки ответить на вопрос, как так случилось, что и в госсекторе, и в частном бизнесе присутствует такая значительная растрата человеческих и финансовых ресурсов. Интересна и выявленная оригинальная классификация «дрянных работ»: по всему миру их пять типов — найдите свой.

Решений автор не предлагает: «Эта книга не о решении. Эта книга о проблеме, о существовании которой многие даже не догадываются». Из возможных вариантов безусловный базовый доход пока представляется ему наиболее практичным решением.
  Den85 | Jan 3, 2024 |
A great topic with a lot of redundant information. ( )
  atrillox | Nov 27, 2023 |
A proto-Battle Royale, except with no fighting, just walking. Yes, in the future people will be enraptured with marathon walking. Why would you risk your life walking? Well, half the people in the story have no real idea. The prize is whatever you want and a bundle of cash, but nobody has ever actually seen a winner.
It's a slow motion car chase with a bizarre dearth of motivation for anyone to get involved or watch it. This is the same guy who later writes The Running Man which clocks in at half the length of this bloated mess and works the premise far better. I have no idea what people see in this novel, which ends with the cherry on the shit sundae of having an ambiguous conclusion. You see if you leave it all up to the reader, they get to write their own ending, which is so much better.
He should have left writing the entire book up to the reader. ( )
  A.Godhelm | Oct 20, 2023 |
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"'Does your job make a meaningful contribution to the world?' David Graeber asked this question in a playful, provocative online essay titled On the Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs. He defined a bullshit job as 'a form of paid employment that is so completely pointless, unnecessary, or pernicious that even the employee cannot justify its existence, even though as part of the conditions of employment, the employee feels obliged to pretend that this is not the case.' After a million views in seventeen different languages, people all over the world are still debating the answer. ... Graeber, in his singularly searing and illuminating style, identifies the five types of bullshit jobs and argues that when 1 percent of the population controls most of a society's wealth, they control what jobs are 'useful' and 'important.' ... Graeber illustrates how nurses, bus drivers, musicians, and landscape gardeners provide true value, and what it says about us as a society when we look down upon them. Using arguments from some of the most revered political thinkers, philosophers, and scientists of our time, Graeber articulates the societal and political consequences of these bullshit jobs. Depression, anxiety, and a warped sense of our values are all dire concerns. He provides a blueprint to undergo a shift in values, placing creative and caring work at the center of our culture, providing the meaning and satisfaction we all crave."--Jacket.

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