In 1917, as the world was at war, Herbert T. Ezekiel and Gaston Lichtenstein compiled the story of the Jews living in Richmond from pre-Revolutionary days (1769) to the then-present day. Ezekiel published and printed this History of the Jews of Richmond in Richmond itself. The book, thus, serves as a monument to a vibrant community, which arose from its synagogue members. Enjoying a small printing, the History was soon out-of-print. It is with pleasure that we put this important historical document in the hands of scholars and citizens once again, hoping that, this time, the book will remain accessible.The authors realized the Richmond Jewish community had played a vital role in the development of the city of Richmond beginning in the late 18(th) century, following the American Revolutionary War and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom authored largely by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Considered by many to be the singlemost important piece of legislation ever passed, the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom was the first in the world to protect the free expression of individual religious beliefs. It became law on January 16, 1786, in the old Statehouse at the northeast corner of 14(th) and E. Cary Streets. Subsequently, it was the basis for the First Article of the First Amendment to the Constitution's Bill of Rights.During the War Between the States, most of the members of Richmond's Jewish community supported the Confederacy. Only a few Richmond Jews ever held slaves; most had just a few house servants and tradesmen, who either lived in or adjacent to their masters' homes within the city of Richmond. About one hundred Richmond Jews actively served inthe Confederate Army, while only a handful left Richmond to serve with Union forces.Today, the Jewish community of Richmond numbers approximately 15,000 persons, many of whom are active in all areas of Richmond life. They continue to play a vital part in the ongoing growth of the area commercially, professionally, educationally, culturally, and politically. We, living at the end of the millennium, know that World War I, the period of the present volume, was only a prelude to the Shoah of barely two decades thereafter.Now we recognize the significance of Ezekiel and Lichtenstein's history, not merely as a record of the Jews, but as testimony to the presence and importance of the Jewish people in the modern diaspora.As testimony, the History is modern to us; it is the story of survivors in a strange land. As such, it provides a link between bands of Jewish communities, stretching from Moscow to Jerusalem and to Richmond. We are better for this book, which has too long been virtually inaccessible to us. The time is now ripe for the republication of this historical account for those who want to know more about the significance of this contribution to our collective history.