George Eliot (1819–1880)
Forfatter af Middlemarch
Om forfatteren
George Eliot was born Mary Ann Evans on a Warwickshire farm in England, where she spent almost all of her early life. She received a modest local education and was particularly influenced by one of her teachers, an extremely religious woman whom the novelist would later use as a model for various vis mere characters. Eliot read extensively, and was particularly drawn to the romantic poets and German literature. In 1849, after the death of her father, she went to London and became assistant editor of the Westminster Review, a radical magazine. She soon began publishing sketches of country life in London magazines. At about his time Eliot began her lifelong relationship with George Henry Lewes. A married man, Lewes could not marry Eliot, but they lived together until Lewes's death. Eliot's sketches were well received, and soon after she followed with her first novel, Adam Bede (1859). She took the pen name "George Eliot" because she believed the public would take a male author more seriously. Like all of Eliot's best work, The Mill on the Floss (1860), is based in large part on her own life and her relationship with her brother. In it she begins to explore male-female relations and the way people's personalities determine their relationships with others. She returns to this theme in Silas Mariner (1861), in which she examines the changes brought about in life and personality of a miser through the love of a little girl. In 1863, Eliot published Romola. Set against the political intrigue of Florence, Italy, of the 1490's, the book chronicles the spiritual journey of a passionate young woman. Eliot's greatest achievement is almost certainly Middlemarch (1871). Here she paints her most detailed picture of English country life, and explores most deeply the frustrations of an intelligent woman with no outlet for her aspirations. This novel is now regarded as one of the major works of the Victorian era and one of the greatest works of fiction in English. Eliot's last work was Daniel Deronda. In that work, Daniel, the adopted son of an aristocratic Englishman, gradually becomes interested in Jewish culture and then discovers his own Jewish heritage. He eventually goes to live in Palestine. Because of the way in which she explored character and extended the range of subject matter to include simple country life, Eliot is now considered to be a major figure in the development of the novel. She is buried in Highgate Cemetery, North London, England, next to her common-law husband, George Henry Lewes. (Bowker Author Biography) vis mindre
Image credit: Courtesy of the NYPL Digital Gallery (image use requires permission from the New York Public Library)
Værker af George Eliot
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Satte nøgleord på
Almen Viden
- Juridisk navn
- Evans, Mary Ann
- Andre navne
- Evans, Marian
Cross, Mary Anne - Fødselsdato
- 1819
- Dødsdag
- 1880
- Begravelsessted
- Highgate, Londen
- Køn
- female
- Nationalitet
- Verenigd Koninkrijk
- Land (til kort)
- England, UK
- Fødested
- Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England, UK
- Dødssted
- London, England, UK
- Dødsårsag
- throat infection
- Bopæl
- Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England, UK
London, England, UK - Uddannelse
- Mrs. Wallington's School (Nuneaton, Warwickshire, England, UK)
- Erhverv
- novelist
editor - Relationer
- Lewes, George Henry (husband)
Cross, J. W. (husband)
Hennell, Sara (friend)
Spencer, Herbert (friend)
Evans, Gwyn (great-nephew) - Kort biografi
- Mary Ann Evans (22 November 1819 – 22 December 1880; alternatively Mary Anne or Marian, known by her pen name George Eliot, was an English novelist, poet, journalist, translator and one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She wrote seven novels, Adam Bede (1859), The Mill on the Floss (1860), Silas Marner (1861), Romola (1862–63), Felix Holt, the Radical (1866), Middlemarch (1871–72) and Daniel Deronda (1876), most of which are set in provincial England and known for their realism and psychological insight.
Although female authors were published under their own names during her lifetime, she wanted to escape the stereotype of women's writing being limited to lighthearted romances. She also wanted to have her fiction judged separately from her already extensive and widely known work as an editor and critic. Another factor in her use of a pen name may have been a desire to shield her private life from public scrutiny, thus avoiding the scandal that would have arisen because of her relationship with the married George Henry Lewes.
Middlemarch has been described by the novelists Martin Amis[3] and Julian Barnes as the greatest novel in the English language. Published under the name J. T. Colgan.
Medlemmer
Discussions
Group read: Curious, If True by Elizabeth Gaskell / The Lifted Veil by George Eliot i Virago Modern Classics (januar 28)
Victorian Readalong Q4: Middlemarch by George Eliot i Club Read 2022 (december 2022)
George Eliot and George Henry Lewes i Legacy Libraries (marts 2022)
March 2021: George Eliot i Monthly Author Reads (februar 2022)
Group Read: Middlemarch, Second Thread i 75 Books Challenge for 2010 (oktober 2018)
Middlemarch: The Chatty Bits (Spoilers Go Here) i The Green Dragon (marts 2015)
Group Read, September 2014: The Mill on the Floss i 1001 Books to read before you die (september 2014)
Middlemarch Group Read 2014 i 75 Books Challenge for 2014 (august 2014)
Middlemarch group read i 2014 Category Challenge (april 2014)
Daniel Deronda i Geeks who love the Classics (april 2013)
Group Read: Middlemarch, Third Thread i 75 Books Challenge for 2010 (februar 2011)
Group Read: Middlemarch i 75 Books Challenge for 2010 (november 2010)
***Group Read: Middlemarch Books 7-8 i 1001 Books to read before you die (september 2010)
***Group Read: Middlemarch Books 5-6 i 1001 Books to read before you die (august 2010)
***Group Read: Middlemarch Books 3-4 i 1001 Books to read before you die (august 2010)
***Group Read: Middlemarch Prelude & Books 1-2 i 1001 Books to read before you die (august 2010)
Middlemarch i Victoriana (december 2009)
Middlemarch: Book I i Group Reads - Literature (maj 2008)
Middlemarch (Spoilers Here) i Connecticut Nutmeggers (marts 2008)
Middlemarch (SPOILER FREE) i Connecticut Nutmeggers (august 2007)
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Silas Marners skæbne er usædvanlig. Han vokser op i et babtistisk miljø i England, hvor han er et respekteret medlem af menigheden og fuld af tro på guds retfærdighed. Den bliver imidlertid sat på prøve, da han på falsk grundlag dømmes for tyveri og forlader sin hjemegn for at slå sig ned i Raveloe, hvor han hurtigt bliver kendt som en særling, der altid holder sig for sig selv. Fra tidlig morgen til sen aften sidder han bøjet over sin væv. Han lever på en sten, for han har fået en ny gud: mammon. Hans største fornøjelse er at tælle den voksende guldskat.
Da pengene bliver røvet fra ham virker det som en frygtelig ulykke, men det er faktisk det modsatte. Det tvinger ham ud blandt andre for at få tyveriet opklaret, og de naboer, der hidtil har gengældt hans afvisende væsen, bliver nu en del af hans liv. Særligt den hjertensgode Dolly Winthrop ser lige gennem hans parader og vader ind i hans hjerte med træsko på. Penge kan være gode at have, men lykkelig bliver man tydeligvis ikke af dem!
Det gælder også den førende familie i Raveloe. Enkemanden squire Cass er mest optaget af at nyde sine besiddelser, og hans sønner gør ham ikke ligefrem ære. Den ældste, Godfrey, er vag og initiativforladt. Han drømmer om den smukke Nancy Lammeter, som er uden for hans rækkevidde, fordi han i hemmelighed har indgået ægteskab med en tvivlsom kvinde i byen. Værre er det med lillebror Dunstan, der er en rendyrket bandit. Han bruger Godfreys skam og angst for at blive afsløret til afpresse ham, og Godfrey mangler så meget rygrad, at han igen og igen lader sig trække rundt ved næsen. Romanens personer er generelt nuancerede og troværdige, men Dunstan er undtagelsen: Han er gennemført amoralsk og selvoptaget.
Romanen er et fint portræt af et traditionelt liv på landet, der allerede var under afvikling på Eliots tid. Her er intet spor af industrialisering og jernbaner. Her er kun bønder og småhåndværkere og en overklasse, der nok lever af sine besiddelser men ikke er så meget rigere end de andre, at den lever i en helt adskilt verden. Raveloe og dets indbyggere kommer til live, og så lever man med, at historien også er ikke så lidt moralsk.… (mere)